FACT FILE
City: London
Location: England, the UK
Population: over 8 mln
Mayor of London: Borris Johnson
Districts: City and 32 boroughs
Settled by: Romans AD 43
Tourist attractions: Tower of London, St. Paul's Cathedral, Big Ben, Houses of Parliament, Westminster Abbey, Hyde Park, Regent's Park, Tower Bridge, Wellington Arch, Buckingham Palace, Royal Albert Hall, British Museum, Victoria and Albert Museum, Piccadilly Circus, Madam Tuesaud's
City: London
Location: England, the UK
Population: over 8 mln
Mayor of London: Borris Johnson
Districts: City and 32 boroughs
Settled by: Romans AD 43
Tourist attractions: Tower of London, St. Paul's Cathedral, Big Ben, Houses of Parliament, Westminster Abbey, Hyde Park, Regent's Park, Tower Bridge, Wellington Arch, Buckingham Palace, Royal Albert Hall, British Museum, Victoria and Albert Museum, Piccadilly Circus, Madam Tuesaud's
Przeczytaj tekst bez uprzedniego zapoznania się z nowym słownictwem i odpowiedz na pytania pod tekstem. Postaraj się zrozumieć tekst. Pamiętaj - nie musisz znać wszystkich słów. Przy pracy z tekstem najważniejsze jest jego zrozumienie i znalezienie właściwego fragmentu, w którym znajduje się odpowiedż na postawione pytanie. Po przeczytaniu tekstu sprawdź w słowniku poznane słowa, ich wymowę i szersze znaczenie. Osoby zdające poziom rozszerzony oprócz definicji polskiej powinny zapoznać się z definicją angielską i synonimami podanych słów o ile jest to możliwe (słownik angielsko-angielski).
London was founded as a communication center by the Romans shortly after they invaded Britain in 43 AD. Londinium, as it was called then, was a little village on the Thames, on the route to the provincial capital in eastern England.
The Romans built a bridge across Thames on that route, the first bridge on the Thames near the little village. London had narrow, congested streets lined with tiny shops and houses built of wood and plaster back then.
Even the London Bridge, which was considerably more than just a river crossing, had this tendency of narrow, crowded spaces. Therefore, a new stone bridge was built in 1176 to replace the old one. The city of London grew, and so did its population; by 1600 there were 200.000 souls, by the end of the 17th centuryshot up to 575.000, surpassing Paris as the largest city in Europe.
Thus, London became the biggest city in Europe. It also became a cultural centre, the center of the English cultural Renaissance, with major figures as Christopher Marlowe, Ben Jonson, William Shakespeare.
London was Britain's economic power and the center of a burgeoning empire.The city continued to grow and develop to what we see today, always combining the past with the present.
In fact, that's what I think of when I think of London: a perfect binding of the past and the present. I think of the Big Ben, the Houses of parliament, 10 Downing Street, the Tower Bridge, the Great Fire, Barbican Arts Center, parks, Nelson's statue in Trafalgar square, the wax museum, Buckingham palace, the double-deckers, the black cabs and, last but not the least, rain.
SPEAKING PRACTICE - ĆWICZENIA NA MÓWIENIE
1. When did the Romans invade Britain?
2. What does the word Londinium stand for?
3. What does the author mean by the word souls?
4. What do you think the expression shot up to mean?
5. Why do you think London has become the largest city in Europe over the years?
6. What is the author's opinion of London?
7. Would you like to live in London in former times? (Why?/Why not?)
London was founded as a communication center by the Romans shortly after they invaded Britain in 43 AD. Londinium, as it was called then, was a little village on the Thames, on the route to the provincial capital in eastern England.
The Romans built a bridge across Thames on that route, the first bridge on the Thames near the little village. London had narrow, congested streets lined with tiny shops and houses built of wood and plaster back then.
Even the London Bridge, which was considerably more than just a river crossing, had this tendency of narrow, crowded spaces. Therefore, a new stone bridge was built in 1176 to replace the old one. The city of London grew, and so did its population; by 1600 there were 200.000 souls, by the end of the 17th centuryshot up to 575.000, surpassing Paris as the largest city in Europe.
Thus, London became the biggest city in Europe. It also became a cultural centre, the center of the English cultural Renaissance, with major figures as Christopher Marlowe, Ben Jonson, William Shakespeare.
London was Britain's economic power and the center of a burgeoning empire.The city continued to grow and develop to what we see today, always combining the past with the present.
In fact, that's what I think of when I think of London: a perfect binding of the past and the present. I think of the Big Ben, the Houses of parliament, 10 Downing Street, the Tower Bridge, the Great Fire, Barbican Arts Center, parks, Nelson's statue in Trafalgar square, the wax museum, Buckingham palace, the double-deckers, the black cabs and, last but not the least, rain.
SPEAKING PRACTICE - ĆWICZENIA NA MÓWIENIE
1. When did the Romans invade Britain?
2. What does the word Londinium stand for?
3. What does the author mean by the word souls?
4. What do you think the expression shot up to mean?
5. Why do you think London has become the largest city in Europe over the years?
6. What is the author's opinion of London?
7. Would you like to live in London in former times? (Why?/Why not?)
English 4 Matura 2014-224© All rights reserved. Wszystkie prawa zastrzeżone.
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For those more interested in the history of London, there is a special film showing what the Londinium's Roman fort looked like. Londinium is a Latin name for London and it was also the name of Britain province during the Roman Empire. Londinium was established by the Romans as a town after the invasion of AD 43 led by Roman Emperor Claudius. Archeologist now believe that Londinium was founded as a civilian settlement by AD 50.
LEARN ABOUT BRITAIN HISTORY WATCHING A SHORT VIDEO MATERIAL.
AFTER WATCHING A VIDEO MATERIAL ABOUT THE LONDINIUM'S ROMAN FORT TRY TO DO THE TEST BELOW IF WANT. GOOD LUCK!
OBEJRZYJ KRÓTKI MATERAŁ WIDEO O HISTORII BRYTANII.
PO OBEJRZENIU MATERIAŁU WIDEO O RZYMSKIM FORCIE LONDINIUM MOŻESZ SPRÓBOWAĆ ROZWIĄZAĆ TEST PONIŻEJ JEŚLI MASZ NA TO OCHOTĘ. POWODZENIA!